Fivezero Dergisi Current Issue

The policies of states are important in the formation and development process of environmental pollution problem. One of the environmental policy instruments proposed to address such a problem is the carbon tax. Carbon tax is an important fiscal instrument that governments can use to reduce environmentally harmful greenhouse gas emissions. The concept of a carbon tax emerged in the late 1980s and gained attention in academic circles. Over the years, interest in this subject has increased in the academic literature. The objective of this study is to provide a bibliometric analysis of articles written on carbon tax between 1991 and 2023. In line with the stated purpose, the data obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) database were subjected to bibliometric analysis. Performance analysis and mapping analysis methods were used in the bibliometric analysis. The study employed citation analysis, co-author analysis, keyword analysis, and bibliographic matching analysis of journals to arrive at its findings.

The digital age, which is developing rapidly around the world, leads to digital transformation in all sectors. Businesses have to keep up with this rapid transformation experienced in every field as required by the digital age. In addition to the various advantages that the digital age provides to businesses, unexpected situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic process have shown that transformation for sustainability is no longer a choice but a necessity. For sustainability, it is necessary to determine a digitalization-based transformation roadmap in enterprises, revise all business processes and relations with all stakeholders. In order for employees, who are internal stakeholders, to be active in all business processes, their perspectives on digital transformation should be determined. By identifying and completing the deficiencies, it will be possible to support sustainable competitive advantage by increasing employee motivation and performance. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of the employees' perspective on digital transformation on their motivation and performance, which is considered as an important cost source and internal stakeholder of enterprises. The main problem of the research is to examine whether the employees' perspective on digital transformation has an impact on motivation and performance in enterprises experiencing the change process. In line with the main objective, the research model and hypotheses were created. Bolu Chamber of Industry and Commerce medium-sized and large-sized enterprises were determined as the population. Enterprises where technology is used more have been selected as a sample. In line with the main purpose, data were collected from the enterprises determined in line with the quantitative research method techniques with the questionnaire technique. The data obtained from 350 white and gold collar employees were analyzed. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program. In line with the findings obtained, it was determined that all three hypotheses developed at the beginning of the research were correct. As a result of the research, it was seen that the perspective of business employees on digital transformation positively affects motivation and employee performance. In addition, the motivation level of employees positively affects employee performance.

Today, technological developments in every field make access to information fast and easy. People also have to adapt to constantly developing and changing information and constantly improve themselves. In this process, people constantly update their knowledge and learn new information, and add new ones to their existing knowledge in the face of rapid change in information. In today's world where technological developments and access to information are so rapid, educators are forced to change their learning and teaching processes. As a result, technology becomes an integral part of the education process. In this process, the distance education model has become more preferred. Distance education has now become a part of formal education. For this reason, the advantages and disadvantages of the current system, perceptions and attitudes towards the current system should be evaluated from the perspective of both students, teachers and academics, and necessary steps should be taken. This research aims to determine the attitudes of academic staff working at Necmettin Erbakan University towards distance education. In addition, in the research, the attitudes of academicians working at Necmettin Erbakan University towards distance education were determined by their gender, age, seniority, unit they work in, education level, branch, etc. It was also examined whether there was a significant difference in terms of variables. In the research, descriptive scanning model was used as a method. The data in the study were obtained with the "Distance Education Attitude Scale" developed by Ağır (2007). The research sample consisted of 348 academicians from different units working at Necmettin Erbakan University. Frequency, percentage, mean values, t-test and anova were used to analyze the data. As a result of the research, it was determined that the attitudes of academicians working at Necmettin Erbakan University towards distance education were above average. As a result of the difference test analyses, significant differences emerged only in terms of the duration of employment in the institution among the demographic variables.

This article will evaluate the relationship between international migration, economic growth and employment, and the literature review of research on this subject and present the findings of these studies. The problem of international migration and immigrants resulting from economic difficulties, civil wars and regional conflicts has left socioeconomic effects on neighboring or receiving countries, and research on this subject has increased accordingly. In fact, this issue has had an impact not only on the socioeconomic dimension of countries but also on disciplines such as international relations, demography and political science. From past to present, millions of people have been forced to leave their countries due to regional or civil wars or interstate border disputes. In addition, migration manifests itself as the voluntary migration of people who desire a better life from one country to another and takes on the nature of labor force. Migration not only affects labor markets, productivity and economic development, but also brings about socio-political and demographic changes. The conclusion reached by almost all of the research conducted on this subject is that international migration in the form of human mobility benefits the economic development and labor market of countries, and provides significant advantages in the long term if immigrants adapt to society. The findings show that migration can contribute significantly to economic dynamism and diversity, but its impact depends on effectively managed migration policies and the socio-economic context of host countries. In particular, the majority of studies have found that migrating people with high knowledge and skills increase the level of human capital, especially in developed countries where there is a deficiency in population and human resources. The negative aspects of international migration are that if the migration is irregular, it will cause security and adaptation problems and a negative perception will be encountered in the host country societies.